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Distinct functions of dynamin isoforms in tumorigenesis and their potential as therapeutic targets in cancer
1Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
Abstract:
Dynamins and their related proteins participate in the regulation of neurotransmission, antigen presentation, receptor internalization, growth factor signalling, nutrient uptake, and pathogen infection. Recently, emerging findings have shown dynamin proteins can also contribute to the genesis of cancer. This up-to-date review herein focuses on the functionality of dynamin in cancer development. Dynamin 1 and 2 both enhance cancer cell proliferation, tumor invasion and metastasis, whereas dynamin 3 has tumor suppression role. Antisense RNAs encoded on the DNA strand opposite a dynamin gene regulate the function of dynamin, and manipulate oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Certain dynamin-related proteins are also upregulated in distinct cancer conditions, resulting in apoptotic resistance, cell migration and poor prognosis. Altogether, dynamins are potential biomarkers as well as representing promising novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This study also summarizes the current available dynamin-targeted therapeutics and suggests the potential strategy based on signalling pathways involved, providing important information to aid the future development of novel cancer therapeutics by targeting these dynamin family members.
Insights
Dynamins are proteins involved in cell functions that can also drive cancer development. Targeting dynamins offers potential new strategies for cancer treatment and biomarker discovery.
Area of Science:
- Molecular biology
- Cell biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Dynamins and related proteins regulate crucial cellular processes including neurotransmission and endocytosis.
- Emerging evidence implicates dynamin proteins in the initiation and progression of various cancers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of dynamins in cancer development.
- To explore dynamin-targeted therapeutics and future treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of dynamin functionality in cancer.
- Analysis of dynamin roles in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis.
- Examination of antisense RNA regulation and dynamin-related protein involvement in cancer.
Main Results:
- Dynamin 1 and 2 promote cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
- Dynamin 3 exhibits a tumor-suppressive function.
- Antisense RNAs modulate dynamin function, impacting oncogenes and tumor suppressors.
- Upregulation of dynamin-related proteins correlates with apoptotic resistance, migration, and poor prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Dynamins represent promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer.
- Targeting dynamins via signaling pathways offers novel therapeutic avenues.
- Further research into dynamin-targeted therapies is warranted for effective cancer treatment.