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Prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Malagasy Children

Lova Ravelomanana1, Naim Bouazza, Mbola Rakotomahefa

  • 1From the *Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Ambohimiandra, Antananarivo, Madagascar; †URC, University Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France; ‡Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Befelatanana, §Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Soavinandriana, and ¶Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Tsaralanana, Antananarivo, Madagascar; ‖Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Be, Toamasina, Madagascar; **Service de Néonatologie, Befelatanana, Madasgascar; ††Bacteriology, University Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France; ‡‡Institut Pasteur, Antananarivo, Madagascar; §§Departement Recherche, Direction du service de santé des Armées, Hôspital Bégin, Paris, France; and ¶¶Association Jeremi Rhônes-Alpes, Jeremi, Rhônes-Alpes, France.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection affects 18.2% of children in Madagascar. This infection was more common in healthy children than those with asthma or pneumonia, suggesting a complex relationship.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Respiratory health
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Childhood community-acquired pneumonia is a significant cause of illness in low-income nations.
  • Key pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a known cofactor in asthma development, and Madagascar has a high asthma prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Madagascar.
  • To investigate the association between Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and asthma in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involved 351 children aged 2-16 years from 2012-2014.
  • Children were categorized into control, asthma, and pneumonia groups.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to detect IgG and IgM antibodies for Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was 18.2%.
  • Infection was significantly more frequent in the control group compared to both the pneumonia and asthma groups (OR=0.45 and OR=0.39, respectively).
  • Children with M. pneumoniae-positive serology had higher C-reactive protein levels (85 vs. 61 mg/L).

Conclusions:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection prevalence in Malagasy children is 18.2%.
  • The study found a higher prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in healthy children compared to asthmatic children.
  • These findings suggest Mycoplasma pneumoniae may play a complex role in childhood respiratory illnesses, including asthma.

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