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Updated: Aug 19, 2026
A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: September 30, 2021
Optimizing stage of single large hepatocellular carcinoma: A study with subgroup analysis by tumor diameter
Jian-Hong Zhong1, Ling-Hui Pan, Yan-Yan Wang
1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201800, China.
Abstract:
This study aims to refine the designation for single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) >5 cm by comparing the postresection prognosis of these patients with those who have a single-tumor ≤5 cm and those with stage B.Patients with a single-tumor were classified into subgroups based on diameter. Of the 1132 patients analyzed, 426 had a single-tumor >2 and ≤5 cm; 229, a single-tumor >5 and ≤8 cm; 52, a single-tumor >8 and < 10 cm; 150, a single-tumor ≥10 cm; and 275, stage B.Hospital mortality and complications increased with tumor size among the single-tumor subgroups and median survival decreased with increasing of tumor size. Overall survival (OS) among patients with a single-tumor >5 cm was significantly lower than among patients with a single-tumor >2 and ≤5 cm (P ≤ .001), but significantly higher than among patients with clearly stage B (P ≤ .001). Patients with a single-tumor >5 and ≤8 cm showed lower OS than patients with a single-tumor >2 and ≤5 cm (P < .001). Patients with a single-tumor >8 and <10 cm or a single-tumor ≥10 cm showed lower OS than patients with a single-tumor >5 and ≤8 cm (P = .033 and .006), and similar OS to patients with stage B (P = .323).Patients with a single-tumor >5 and ≤8 cm may be assigned to a new stage between early and intermediate. Patients with a single-tumor >8 cm may be assigned to intermediate stage.
