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Related Experiment Videos

Diabetic complications in the cornea.

Alexander V Ljubimov1

  • 1Eye Program, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, AHSP A-8319, Los Angeles 90048, CA, USA.

Vision Research
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Diabetic corneal complications, including delayed healing and neuropathy, are common. This review explores their mechanisms, models, and novel therapeutic strategies for diabetic eye disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetic Complications

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and 2) frequently causes underdiagnosed corneal complications.
  • These include delayed epithelial wound healing, edema, recurrent erosions, neuropathy, and tear film changes.
  • Diabetic abnormalities affect corneal epithelium, nerves, tear film, endothelium, and conjunctiva, exacerbated by trauma or surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms underlying diabetic corneal abnormalities.
  • To discuss available animal, tissue, and organ culture models for studying these changes.
  • To explore emerging and experimental therapeutic treatments for diabetic corneal complications.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of basement membrane structure and wound healing rates.
Keywords:
AGEsCorneal epitheliumDiabetic corneaDry eyeGene therapyGrowth factorsInsulinKeratopathyLimbal stem cellNaltrexoneNeuropathyProteinases

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation into the roles of proteinases, advanced glycation end products (AGEs).
  • Examination of abnormal growth and motility factors (e.g., opioid, epidermal, hepatocyte growth factors).

    • Main Results:

    • Mechanisms involve basement membrane changes, altered proteinase activity, AGE accumulation, and dysregulated growth factors.
    • Various experimental therapeutics are under development, targeting these mechanisms.
    • Emerging gene and cell therapies show promise for treating diabetic corneal issues.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetic corneal complications are multifactorial, involving structural, biochemical, and cellular changes.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments.
    • Promising experimental therapies offer new hope for managing diabetic eye disease.