Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy.

Esra Şahlı1, Kaan Gündüz2

  • 1Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.

Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune condition affecting the eyes, often linked to Graves' disease. Treatments range from supportive care for mild cases to steroids, radiotherapy, or surgery for severe or inactive disease.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (TMJAQoL-TR) in Patients with Severe Temporomandibular Disorders.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

A Missed Target of Ocular Prophylaxis: Neonatal Chlamydia trachomatis.

Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie·2026
Same author

Phototherapy Adherence Among Patients With Different Indications.

Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine·2025
Same author

Artificial Intelligence in Ocular Oncology: Differentiating Choroidal Melanocytic Lesions.

Ophthalmology science·2025
Same author

Evaluation of the artificial intelligence chatbots in frequently asked questions about retinitis pigmentosa: a comparative analysis between ChatGPT-4 and Gemini-2.0.

International journal of retina and vitreous·2025
Same author

A comparative study of choroidal structural features in eyes with central macular atrophy related to Stargardt disease and non-exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Indian journal of ophthalmology·2024

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease.
  • TAO can also occur in euthyroid or hypothyroid patients, indicating a complex autoimmune etiology.
  • The exact pathogenesis involves autoimmunity against shared antigens in the thyroid and orbit, leading to tissue expansion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features, pathogenesis, and management strategies for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
  • To highlight the diagnostic tools and treatment options for TAO.
  • To discuss emerging therapies for refractory cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
  • Analysis of clinical findings, including soft tissue involvement, eyelid retraction, proptosis, optic neuropathy, and restrictive myopathy.
Keywords:
RadiotherapyThyroid ophthalmopathydecompression surgeryproptosissteroid therapy

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of treatment modalities, including clinical activity scoring, supportive care, systemic steroids, orbital radiotherapy, decompression, and miscellaneous therapies.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased volume of extraocular muscles and orbital tissues characterizes TAO.
    • Clinical activity scores aid in assessing disease activity and treatment response.
    • Mild cases benefit from supportive measures, while severe active disease requires systemic steroids and/or radiotherapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Management of TAO involves a spectrum of treatments tailored to disease severity and activity.
    • Orbital decompression is an option for inactive disease with proptosis.
    • For treatment-resistant cases, various advanced therapies like immunosuppressants and anticytokine treatments are explored, often followed by rehabilitative surgery.