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Genetic progress in sunflower crop in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.

D N Follmann1, A Cargnelutti Filho2, L H Lorentz3

  • 1Departamento de Fitotecnia, , , Brasil.

Genetics and Molecular Research : GMR
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
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Sunflower breeding programs in Rio Grande do Sul show genetic progress in grain and oil yield. However, these programs were not efficient in improving sunflower oil content between 2005 and 2014.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Breeding
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) exhibits adaptability to diverse climates and soils, with notable drought tolerance and high oil production.
  • Rio Grande do Sul ranks as Brazil's third-largest sunflower producer, with breeding research commencing post-1950.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the genetic progress of sunflower for grain yield, oil content, and oil yield in Rio Grande do Sul.
  • Evaluate the efficiency of sunflower breeding programs in the region over a specific decade.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 58 sunflower cultivar yield trials conducted across 19 municipalities from 2005 to 2014.
  • Applied Vencovsky's methodology to analyze annual genetic progress for key agronomic traits.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated an annual genetic progress of 132.46 kg·ha⁻¹·year⁻¹ for grain yield.
  • Observed an annual genetic progress of 48.11 kg·ha⁻¹·year⁻¹ for oil yield.
  • Recorded a negative annual genetic progress of -0.17%/year for oil content.

Conclusions:

  • Sunflower breeding programs in Rio Grande do Sul have been effective in enhancing grain yield and oil yield.
  • Breeding efforts did not yield significant positive progress for oil content in sunflower during the study period.