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The Biological Basis to Personality Disorders.

Malathi L Perugula1, Puneet D Narang2, Steven B Lippmann3,1

  • 1School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.

The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Neurobiology of cluster B personality disorders reveals brain abnormalities and genetic factors contributing to emotional dysregulation and impulsivity. Understanding these biological underpinnings may improve treatments for personality disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurobiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Personality disorders, particularly cluster B, present complex challenges in understanding their biological basis.
  • Emotional dysregulation and impulsivity are hallmark symptoms requiring deeper neurobiological investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biological underpinnings of thinking and behavior in personality disorders.
  • To detail neuroanatomical findings associated with cluster B personality disorders.
  • To evaluate current and potential therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed using keywords related to personality disorders and neurobiology.
  • Inclusion of 2,790 identified English-language articles, with 18 selected for this review.

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Main Results:

  • Identified characteristic brain anatomical features in cluster B personality disorders, including superior frontal cortex and amygdala abnormalities, and enlarged striatal volumes.
  • Confirmed emotional dysregulation and impulsivity as key symptoms.
  • Highlighted the potential role of hereditary factors in the etiology.

Conclusions:

  • Advancing the understanding of cluster B personality disorder neurobiology is crucial for enhancing clinical management and treatment development.
  • Psychotherapy remains the primary intervention for borderline personality disorder.
  • Pharmacotherapy may serve as an adjunct treatment for specific symptoms or co-occurring conditions.