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Air pollution by particulate matter PM10 may trigger multiple sclerosis relapses.

Jonathan Roux1, Denis Bard2, Estelle Le Pabic1

  • 1METIS Department, EA 7449 REPERES, EHESP French School of Public Health, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 avenue du Professeur Léon-Bernard - CS 74312, 35043 Rennes, France; INSERM CIC-P 1414, CHU of Rennes, 2 Rue Henri le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.

Environmental Research
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Exposure to particulate matter (PM10) air pollution increases the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses, particularly during cold seasons. This study highlights PM10 as a significant environmental risk factor for MS exacerbations.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Seasonal variations in multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses suggest environmental triggers.
  • Ambient air pollution is a potential, yet understudied, factor influencing MS relapse risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between particulate matter (PM10) and multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses.
  • To determine if PM10 exposure acts as a risk factor for MS exacerbations.

Main Methods:

  • A case-crossover study design involving 536 relapsing MS patients over a 10-year period.
  • Analysis of 2052 MS relapses, with controls selected within 35 days of relapse onset.
  • Conditional logistic regression adjusted for meteorological factors and holidays, examining PM10 at various lags.
Keywords:
Air pollutionCase-crossoverConditional logistic regressionMultiple sclerosisParticulate matterRelapse

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Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between PM10 concentration and increased MS relapse risk during the cold season (OR=1.40).
  • The risk was linked to PM10 levels in the 1-3 days preceding relapse onset.
  • Similar trends were observed when PM10 was analyzed as a binary variable.

Conclusions:

  • Particulate matter (PM10) exposure is a significant risk factor for multiple sclerosis relapses.
  • The findings suggest PM10 may trigger relapses, potentially via oxidative stress mechanisms.
  • This study underscores the importance of environmental factors in MS management.