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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short...
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short...
The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this defense.
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Field-Deployable Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Detection Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with CRISPR-Cas12a
09:03

Field-Deployable Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Detection Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with CRISPR-Cas12a

Published on: December 23, 2022

Nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas13a/C2c2.

Jonathan S Gootenberg1,2,3,4,5, Omar O Abudayyeh1,2,3,4,6, Jeong Wook Lee7

  • 1Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new CRISPR-based diagnostic (CRISPR-Dx) called SHERLOCK offers rapid, highly sensitive nucleic acid detection. This molecular tool can identify specific viruses, bacteria, and mutations, even in field settings.

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Rapid and Specific Detection of Acinetobacter baumannii Infections Using a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification/Cas12a-based System

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

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Rapid and Specific Detection of Acinetobacter baumannii Infections Using a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification/Cas12a-based System
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Rapid and Specific Detection of Acinetobacter baumannii Infections Using a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification/Cas12a-based System

Published on: April 25, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Nucleic acid detection is crucial for diagnostics, pathogen identification, and disease monitoring.
  • The CRISPR-Cas13a system offers RNA-targeting capabilities with collateral enzymatic activity.
  • Existing methods may lack the speed, sensitivity, or specificity required for point-of-care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, inexpensive, and highly sensitive nucleic acid detection platform.
  • To leverage the collateral activity of Cas13a for diagnostic purposes.
  • To create a versatile tool for pathogen detection, genotyping, and mutation identification.

Main Methods:

  • Combined Cas13a's collateral ribonuclease activity with isothermal amplification.
  • Developed a CRISPR-based diagnostic platform named SHERLOCK (Specific High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter UnLOCKing).
  • Utilized SHERLOCK for detecting specific viral strains (Zika, Dengue), bacteria, human DNA, and cell-free tumor DNA mutations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved attomolar sensitivity and single-base mismatch specificity in nucleic acid detection.
  • Demonstrated SHERLOCK's capability to detect various targets including viruses, bacteria, and human DNA.
  • Showcased the potential for lyophilizing reagents for cold-chain independence and field deployment on paper.

Conclusions:

  • SHERLOCK provides a powerful CRISPR-based diagnostic tool for rapid and sensitive molecular detection.
  • The platform's versatility extends to pathogen identification, genetic analysis, and cancer mutation detection.
  • Lyophilization and paper-based reconstitution enable SHERLOCK for accessible, point-of-care, and field-based applications.