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Vitamin D increases programmed death receptor-1 expression in Crohn's disease
Mia Bendix1, Stinne Greisen2,3, Anders Dige1
1Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Oncotarget
|April 17, 2017
Summary
Vitamin D supplementation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients increased programmed death (PD)-1 expression on activated T cells and reduced T cell activation marker CD69. This suggests vitamin D influences immune responses in CD.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Vitamin D plays a role in modulating inflammation within Crohn's disease (CD).
- The programmed death (PD)-1 receptor is crucial for maintaining immune tolerance.
- Vitamin D may influence PD-1 signaling pathways in the context of CD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the expression of PD-1 on various T cell subsets in CD patients undergoing vitamin D or placebo treatment.
- To assess the impact of vitamin D on immune cell activation markers in CD.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 40 CD patients receiving vitamin D3 (1200 IU) or placebo for 26 weeks, plus eight healthy controls.
- Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma using flow cytometry and ELISA to measure PD-1, PD-L1, CD69, and soluble PD-1 levels.
Main Results:
- Vitamin D treatment significantly increased PD-1 expression on CD4+CD25+int T cells upon stimulation in CD patients compared to placebo (19% to 29%, p=0.03).
- Vitamin D significantly decreased the T cell activation marker CD69 expression (42% to 33%, p=0.01), while placebo did not.
- Soluble PD-1 plasma levels remained unaffected by vitamin D treatment.
Conclusions:
- Vitamin D treatment enhances the capacity of CD4+CD25+int T cells to up-regulate PD-1 following activation in CD patients.
- Vitamin D supplementation effectively reduces CD69 expression, indicating a modulation of T cell activation in Crohn's disease.