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Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
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Systemic sclerosis.

Christopher P Denton1, Dinesh Khanna2

  • 1UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK; UCL Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|April 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is a serious autoimmune disease causing fibrosis. Advances improve management and treatment of complications, but non-lethal symptoms remain a significant challenge.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Fibrosis Research

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an immune-mediated rheumatic disease characterized by fibrosis and vasculopathy.
  • It presents with significant morbidity and mortality, impacting skin and internal organs.
  • Recent advancements have improved understanding, classification, and management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features of systemic sclerosis.
  • To describe best practice approaches for managing the disease.
  • To identify future research and development areas.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical features and management strategies.
  • Synthesis of current evidence for treatment approaches.
  • Analysis of disease burden and future challenges.

Main Results:

  • Improved classification and systematic assessment enhance disease management.
  • Emerging treatments, including immunosuppression, show efficacy for skin and lung fibrosis.
  • Specific complications like renal crisis and pulmonary hypertension are now treatable.

Conclusions:

  • While management and treatment of specific complications have advanced, the burden of non-lethal systemic sclerosis complications requires further attention.
  • Best practice management involves systematic assessment and targeted therapies.
  • Future research should focus on addressing the substantial burden of non-lethal manifestations.