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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Digestion of the Murine Liver for a Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
08:07

Digestion of the Murine Liver for a Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells

Published on: January 7, 2019

Expression of lectin-like transcript-1 in human tissues.

Alba Llibre1, Lucy Garner1, Amy Partridge1

  • 1Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

F1000Research
|April 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a new antibody to detect Lectin-like Transcript 1 (LLT1) in human tissues. LLT1 is expressed in immune cells and immune-privileged sites, suggesting its role in regulating immune responses.

Keywords:
C-type lectinsLectin-Like Transcript 1 (LLT1)distributionhumanimmune-privilegenatural killer cell

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Harvest and Primary Culture of Leptomeningeal Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
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Harvest and Primary Culture of Leptomeningeal Lymphatic Endothelial Cells

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Digestion of the Murine Liver for a Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
08:07

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Published on: January 7, 2019

RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level
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RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • C-type lectin-like proteins mediate lymphocyte interactions and tissue-specific immune responses.
  • The CD161-Lectin-like Transcript 1 (LLT1) pair is increasingly recognized, but its tissue distribution is poorly understood.
  • Limited availability and characterization of anti-LLT1 antibodies hinder research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel anti-LLT1 antibody for studying LLT1 expression.
  • To analyze the distribution of LLT1 in various healthy human tissues.
  • To investigate the functional role of LLT1 in immune cell interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed a new anti-LLT1 antibody clone (2H7) using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.
  • Analyzed LLT1 expression across a diverse range of human tissues.
  • Confirmed LLT1's inhibitory effect on Natural Killer (NK) cell function.

Main Results:

  • Validated the efficacy of the 2H7 antibody for LLT1 detection.
  • Detected LLT1 expression in circulating B cells and monocytes.
  • Observed high LLT1 expression in immune-privileged sites like the brain, placenta, and testes.
  • Found no LLT1 expression in lung and liver-resident macrophages.
  • Confirmed LLT1's capacity to inhibit NK cell activity.

Conclusions:

  • The novel 2H7 antibody provides an effective tool for LLT1 research.
  • LLT1 is expressed in various human tissues, including immune-privileged sites.
  • LLT1 is a potential regulator of immune responses, particularly in immune-privileged environments.