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Neural-derived estradiol regulates brain plasticity.

Iñigo Azcoitia1, Maria Angeles Arevalo2, Luis M Garcia-Segura2

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
|April 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Estradiol, a neurosteroid synthesized in the brain, acts as a neuromodulator. Manipulating aromatase, which produces estradiol, influences brain plasticity, behavior, and cognition in both sexes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Neurobiology
  • Steroid Biochemistry

Background:

  • Estradiol functions beyond an ovarian hormone; it is a neurosteroid synthesized within neural cells.
  • The brain itself is a steroidogenic tissue, capable of metabolizing testosterone to estradiol.
  • The enzyme aromatase catalyzes the final step in estradiol synthesis and is broadly expressed in mammalian brains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of brain-derived estradiol as a neuromodulator.
  • To explore the influence of aromatase activity on neuroplasticity and behavior.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which brain aromatase impacts cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Manipulation of aromatase expression and/or activity in animal models.
  • Assessment of neuroplastic events in response to altered aromatase function.
Keywords:
AromataseDendritic spinesEstradiolLong-term depressionLong-term potentiationSongbirdsSynaptic plasticity

Related Experiment Videos

  • Behavioral and cognitive testing in male and female subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • Studies altering aromatase activity demonstrate that brain-synthesized estradiol modulates neural function.
    • Brain-derived estradiol regulates various forms of neuroplasticity in both male and female animals.
    • Evidence suggests a link between aromatase-mediated estradiol production and its effects on behavior and cognition.

    Conclusions:

    • Estradiol synthesized within the brain acts as a critical neuromodulator.
    • Aromatase activity in the brain is a key regulator of neuroplasticity.
    • Brain-derived estradiol influences behavior and cognitive functions through its neuromodulatory actions.