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The distinction between exclusivity and comorbidity within NSSI
Shira Goldberg1, Moshe Israelashvili1
1School of Education.
Summary
Adolescents engaging in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are not a single group. Some exclusively engage in NSSI, while others exhibit it alongside other problem behaviors, requiring distinct theoretical approaches.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Adolescent Behavior
- Mental Health
Background:
- Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant concern in adolescent populations.
- Problem behavior theory suggests that NSSI may manifest differently among individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether adolescents engaging in NSSI can be divided into two distinct subgroups: exclusive NSSI and co-occurring NSSI with other problem behaviors.
- To identify psychological characteristics differentiating these subgroups.
Main Methods:
- A school-based sample of 436 adolescents in Israel completed self-report questionnaires.
- Measures included NSSI, other problem behaviors, self-esteem, self-criticism, ego clarity, coping strategies, and self-efficacy.
Main Results:
- 22% of adolescents reported NSSI.
- Adolescents with NSSI showed higher rates of other problem behaviors.
- Exclusive NSSI was associated with lower ego clarity, lower self-esteem, poorer self-efficacy, higher self-criticism, and disengagement coping.
Conclusions:
- NSSI is not a homogeneous behavior; distinct subgroups exist.
- Exclusive NSSI is linked to internalizing difficulties and self-related issues.
- Tailored theoretical models and interventions are needed for different NSSI presentations.
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