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Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
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Disseminated Cryptococcal Disease with Diffuse Pulmonary Infiltrates in a Non-HIV Host.

M Hughes1, K Trivedi1, M Rudrappa1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, LA.

The Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society : Official Organ of the Louisiana State Medical Society
|April 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Disseminated Cryptococcus infection occurred in an immunocompromised patient without HIV, presenting primarily with pulmonary symptoms. Early blood culture identification led to prompt antifungal treatment, preventing neurological complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • A case of disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection is presented in a 79-year-old male without HIV.
  • The patient had a history of autoimmune hemolytic anemia treated with high-dose corticosteroids (prednisone).
  • The primary clinical manifestation was pulmonary, with diffuse infiltrates and symptoms like cough and shortness of breath.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a unique case of disseminated Cryptococcus in a non-HIV, non-transplant patient.
  • To highlight the importance of considering opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed individuals.
  • To emphasize the role of early diagnosis and treatment in preventing disease dissemination.

Main Methods:

  • A 79-year-old male with multiple comorbidities presented with respiratory symptoms.
  • Diagnostic workup included chest CT, blood cultures, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis.
  • Treatment involved empiric antibiotics, followed by targeted antifungal therapy (liposomal Amphotericin B and Fluconazole) and corticosteroid dose adjustment.

Main Results:

  • Blood cultures were positive for Cryptococcus neoformans; CSF was negative.
  • Serum Cryptococcal antigen titer was significantly elevated (1:2560).
  • Pulmonary infiltrates showed marked improvement after antifungal treatment and corticosteroid management.

Conclusions:

  • Disseminated Cryptococcus can occur in non-HIV, immunosuppressed hosts, with pulmonary symptoms as the primary presentation.
  • Early identification via blood cultures and prompt antifungal therapy are crucial for favorable outcomes.
  • Opportunistic infections must be considered in immunosuppressed patients to prevent severe complications.