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Sweat allergy: Extrinsic or intrinsic?
Takaaki Hiragun1, Makiko Hiragun1, Kaori Ishii1
1Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Journal of Dermatological Science
|April 19, 2017
Summary
Researchers identified Malassezia globosa
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Dermatology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Sweat exacerbates atopic dermatitis (AD) and triggers cholinergic urticaria (CholU).
- Previous findings suggest sweat antigens contribute to these conditions.
- Malassezia species are known skin inhabitants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the major histamine-releasing antigen in human sweat responsible for AD and CholU.
- To investigate the allergenic potential of the identified antigen.
- To explore potential therapeutic strategies for sweat allergy.
Main Methods:
- Identification of MGL_1304 protein from Malassezia globosa.
- In vitro histamine release assays using patient basophils.
- Measurement of serum anti-MGL_1304 IgE levels.
- Production and testing of recombinant MGL_1304.
- Development of a monoclonal IgE antibody against MGL_1304.
Main Results:
- MGL_1304, a protein from Malassezia globosa, was identified as a major histamine-releasing antigen in sweat.
- Patients with AD and CholU showed significantly higher serum IgE levels against MGL_1304.
- Recombinant MGL_1304 demonstrated comparable allergenicity to the native protein.
- A specific monoclonal IgE antibody against MGL_1304 did not induce histamine release.
Conclusions:
- MGL_1304 is a key allergen in sweat contributing to atopic dermatitis and cholinergic urticaria.
- Targeting MGL_1304 or employing desensitization therapy may offer new treatment avenues for sweat allergy.
- Further research into MGL_1304 and Malassezia-derived allergens is warranted.