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Long-term clinical course of normotensive preperimetric glaucoma
Akira Sawada1, Yusuke Manabe1, Tetsuya Yamamoto1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
Aims:
To evaluate the long-term clinical course of normotensive preperimetric glaucoma (PPG).
Methods:
We retrospectively analysed 130 eyes of 130 patients initially diagnosed as having preperimetric normal tension glaucoma and followed these cases for at least 5 years with reliable visual field (VF) examinations by standard automated perimetry. When the VF defect (VFD) met Anderson-Patella's criteria on three or more consecutive examinations, and consistently met the criteria on subsequent examinations, we concluded that a glaucomatous VFD was present. Predictive factors for developing a VFD were assessed.
Results:
Seventy-one eyes (54.6%) developed a glaucomatous VFD during the follow-up period. The mean deviation slope varied from -0.90 to 0.41 dB/year. A Cox proportional hazard model showed that having a greater initial pattern SD (p=0.005), the presence of optic disc haemorrhage (p=0.022) and higher mean intraocular pressure (IOP) prior to developing a VFD (p=0.039) were related to developing a VFD.
Conclusions:
Our findings confirmed that the mean IOP, but not the IOP fluctuation, is strongly associated with the development of a VFD in cases of PPG.