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Related Experiment Videos

Low birth weight is associated with impaired murine kidney development and function.

Christina Barnett1, Oluwadara Nnoli2, Wasan Abdulmahdi2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.

Pediatric Research
|April 19, 2017
PubMed
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Low birth weight neonates exhibit impaired kidney development due to increased inflammation and reduced progenitor cells, leading to fewer nephrons and lifelong kidney issues.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Nephrology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) is linked to impaired kidney development, increasing susceptibility to adult kidney disease and hypertension.
  • Understanding the specific events that hinder kidney development in LBW neonates is crucial for potential interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the cellular and molecular events that impair nephrogenesis and kidney development in murine LBW neonates.
  • To investigate the role of inflammation and signaling pathways in reduced kidney development.

Main Methods:

  • Examined survival, kidney development, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), gene expression, and cytokine/chemokine profiles in LBW neonates from malnourished mothers.
  • Quantified apoptosis, SIX2+ progenitor cells, renal vesicle formation, and nephron count in developing kidneys.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • LBW neonates had significantly reduced body weight, survival rates, renal blood perfusion, kidney volume, and GFR.
  • Developing kidneys in LBW neonates showed increased apoptosis, decreased SIX2+ progenitor cells, and reduced expression of Wnt9b and Fgf8.
  • Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12(p70), GM-CSF) were observed in LBW neonates, correlating with reduced SIX2+ cells.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines in LBW neonates suppress SIX2+ stem cells in the developing kidney.
  • Reduced renal stem cells and impaired mesenchymal-to-epithelial signaling disrupt renal vesicle and nephron formation.
  • These developmental deficits result in smaller kidneys, reduced renal perfusion, and diminished GFR in LBW neonates.