Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...

The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:

Hormones and Bone Tissue

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Medical termination of unplanned pregnancies in women with diabetes.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2025

Same author

Gonadal guardianship-ergonomic endocrinology.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association..·2025

Same author

Socionutrition: The science of socionutrients.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2025

Same author

The International Evidence-based Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Exemplar of Person-centred Care.

TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology·2024

Same author

Ultra Processed Foods: A South Asian culinary perspective.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2024

Same author

Functional Foods may be Dysfunctional: A South Asian Perspective.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 4, 2026

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Preconception management of thyroid disorders.

Bharti Kalra¹, Yashdeep Gupta², Sanjay Kalra³

¹Department of Obstetrics, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

|April 20, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing thyroid function before pregnancy improves maternal and fetal outcomes. This requires systematic screening, management, and counseling for thyroid disorders.

Keywords:

Goitre, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid nodules.

More Related Videos

A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Preoperative Evaluation in Thyroid Surgery

A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Preoperative Evaluation in Thyroid Surgery

Published on: February 17, 2023

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 4, 2026

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Preoperative Evaluation in Thyroid Surgery

A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Preoperative Evaluation in Thyroid Surgery

Published on: February 17, 2023

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Reproductive Medicine
Obstetrics

Background:

Thyroid function is critical for successful pregnancy.
Suboptimal thyroid function negatively impacts maternal and fetal health.
Preconception care is essential for managing endocrine disorders before pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the pre-conception management of thyroid disorders.
To provide guidance on achieving optimal thyroid function prior to conception.
To complement previous reviews on preconception management of endocrine diseases.

Main Methods:

Literature review of thyroid disorders in the context of pregnancy.
Synthesis of current evidence on screening and management strategies.
Discussion of counseling approaches for women planning pregnancy.

Main Results:

Optimal thyroid function before conception is linked to improved maternal and fetal outcomes.
A systematic approach involving rational screening, appropriate management, and counseling is necessary.
Effective pre-conception management of thyroid disorders is achievable.

Conclusions:

Achieving and maintaining optimal thyroid function preconception is crucial for positive pregnancy outcomes.
A structured approach to thyroid disorder management before pregnancy is recommended.
This review offers a comprehensive guide to preconception thyroid care.