Dynamic Increase in Corticomuscular Coherence during Bilateral, Cyclical Ankle Movements

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Motor Control
• Human Locomotion

Background:

• The midline primary motor cortex is active during human walking, but its specific function remains unclear.
• Understanding cortical involvement is crucial for elucidating motor control mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the role of the primary motor cortex in leg muscle activation during movements mimicking walking requirements.
• To determine if corticomuscular coherence observed during walking also occurs in simpler cyclical leg movements.

Main Methods:

• Recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) signals from 15 healthy young men.
• Participants performed bilateral, cyclical ankle movements while seated.
• Analyzed corticomuscular coherence between the primary motor cortex and leg muscles (tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius).

Main Results:

• A dynamic, near-20-Hz corticomuscular coherence increase was observed cyclically during dorsiflexion in both legs.
• This coherence pattern, previously seen in walking, was replicated in simple bilateral foot movements.
• Findings suggest corticomuscular communication involving the primary motor cortex.

Conclusions:

• The primary motor cortex may contribute to controlling movement frequency, bilateral coordination, and postural stability during locomotion.
• Further research is needed to clarify cortical and subcortical interactions underlying corticomuscular coherence in walking.