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Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods01:19

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In argentometric precipitation titrations, endpoints can be detected visually by the Mohr, Volhard, and Fajans methods. In the Mohr method, adding a soluble chromate indicator gives an initial yellow color to the analyte solution. As the titrant is added, the first excess of silver ions forms a red silver chromate precipitate, marking the endpoint. The solution pH should be maintained at about 8 by adding solid CaCO3.
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Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
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Recent Developments in Fiber Optics Humidity Sensors.

Joaquin Ascorbe1, Jesus M Corres2,3, Francisco J Arregui4,5

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona 31006, Spain. joaquin.ascorbe@unavarra.es.

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|April 20, 2017
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Summary

Optical fiber humidity sensors offer advantages over electronic types. Research focuses on enhancing sensitivity and resolution using novel structures and materials for accurate humidity measurement.

Keywords:
Fabry-Pérot interferometersfiber Bragg gratingslong period fiber gratinglossy mode resonancesmodal interferometeroptical fiber humidity sensorsphotonic crystal fiberresonatorstapered optical fiber

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Sensor Technology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Accurate humidity measurement is crucial across diverse sectors like health, agriculture, and manufacturing.
  • Optical fiber sensors are emerging as superior alternatives to traditional electronic sensors due to inherent advantages.
  • Significant research is dedicated to advancing optical fiber humidity sensing technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current trends in optical fiber humidity sensor development.
  • To analyze the evolution of optical structures and novel materials used in humidity sensing.
  • To identify areas for future improvement in sensor sensitivity and resolution.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing literature on optical fiber humidity sensors.
  • Examination of various optical structures, including fiber Bragg gratings and long-period fiber gratings.
  • Investigation of novel sensing materials and resonator-based structures.

Main Results:

  • Long-period fiber gratings and fiber Bragg gratings are being optimized for enhanced sensitivity.
  • Lossy mode resonance sensors offer a balance of high sensitivity and fabrication simplicity.
  • Resonator structures show promise for improving humidity sensor resolution.
  • Polymer optical fibers indicate potential for further sensitivity gains.

Conclusions:

  • Optical fiber humidity sensors are rapidly evolving with ongoing research into new structures and materials.
  • Lossy mode resonance and resonator-based sensors represent significant advancements in sensitivity and resolution.
  • Further development, particularly with polymer optical fibers, is expected to push the performance limits of humidity sensing.