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Cross reactivity among human enterovirus serotypes as revealed by microneutralization assay technique
Abstract:
Paired or tripled serum specimens examined for cross reactions between poliomyelitis viruses and other non-polio enteroviruses were obtained from 356 patients (217 males and 139 females) with various clinical diagnoses (aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, paretic neuro-infections, upper respiratory tract infections, bronchopneumonia) who were sampled in 1984 and 1985. The sera were examined by the microneutralization assay technique in flat-bottomed 96-well polyvinyl chloride plates against 100-300 TCD50 of these enterovirus serotypes: CA9, CB1-CB5, E1, E2, E4-E9, E17, E20, E24, E30, EV71 and polioviruses P1-P3. The tests were carried out on BGM or RD cells. Confirmed significant seroconversions to at least one enterovirus serotype were observed in 87 (24.2%) patients. Of these, 27 (31%) reacted by parallel significant or insignificant increases in the heterotypic antibody titre to poliovirus, which accounted for 7.6% of all patients examined. Heterotypic antibody responses may become source of errors in individuals examined for poliovaccine efficacy or the state of specific immunity response to polio, but are unlikely to discredit the overall outcomes of the seroepidemiological surveys conducted in the general population.
Insights
Cross-reactions between enteroviruses and polioviruses can occur. While heterotypic antibody responses may cause errors in polio immunity assessments, they are unlikely to invalidate large-scale population surveys.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Enteroviruses and polioviruses can exhibit cross-reactivity.
- Accurate assessment of poliovirus immunity is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cross-reactions between non-polio enteroviruses and polioviruses in patient sera.
- To determine the impact of these cross-reactions on serological assessments.
Main Methods:
- Microneutralization assays were performed on paired/tripled serum specimens from 356 patients.
- Sera were tested against various enterovirus and poliovirus serotypes using BGM or RD cells.
- Significant seroconversions to enteroviruses were identified.
Main Results:
- 24.2% of patients showed significant seroconversions to enteroviruses.
- 7.6% of all patients exhibited heterotypic antibody responses to poliovirus.
- These responses involved increases in heterotypic antibody titers.
Conclusions:
- Heterotypic antibody responses to poliovirus can be a source of error in individual immunity assessments.
- However, these cross-reactions are unlikely to compromise the validity of seroepidemiological surveys in the general population.