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Related Concept Videos

Radical Formation: Overview01:03

Radical Formation: Overview

2.7K
A bond can be broken either by heterolytic bond cleavage to form ions or homolytic bond cleavage to yield radicals. A fishhook arrow is used to represent the motion of a single electron in homolytic bond cleavage. There are two main sources from which radicals can be formed:
Radicals from spin-paired molecules:
Radicals can be obtained from spin-paired molecules either by homolysis or electron transfer. While two radicals are formed in the former, an electron is added in the...
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Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

2.9K
Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired...
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Relationship Formation02:12

Relationship Formation

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What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
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Radical Formation: Abstraction00:47

Radical Formation: Abstraction

4.4K
The electron of an atom can be abstracted from a compound by a relatively unstable radical to generate a new radical of relatively greater stability. For example, an initiator which forms radicals by homolysis can abstract a suitable species like a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom from a compound to generate a new radical. This ability of radicals to propagate by abstraction is a crucial feature of radical chain reactions.
Even though homolysis produces radicals, it is different from radical...
4.4K
Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

39.3K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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Radical Formation: Addition00:47

Radical Formation: Addition

2.3K
Radicals can be formed by adding a radical to a spin-paired molecule. This is typically observed with unsaturated species, where the addition of a radical across the π bond leads to the production of a new radical by dissolving the π bond. For example, the addition of a Br radical to an alkene yields a carbon-centered radical.
Similar to charge conservation in chemical reactions, spin conservation is implicit for radical reactions. Accordingly, the product formed must possess an...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 4, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

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The Radical Flank Effect and Cross-occupational Collaboration for Technology Development during a Power Shift.

Emily Truelove1, Katherine C Kellogg1

  • 1MIT Sloan School of Management.

Administrative Science Quarterly
|April 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

When companies shift from radical innovation to incremental improvements, internal power struggles can arise. Collaboration is facilitated by a "radical flank threat," strengthening moderate groups for incremental development.

Keywords:
adaptation and inertia in technology-based organizationsconflictcoordinationcross-occupational collaborationintra-organizational power strugglespowerradical flank effect

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 4, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Organizational Studies
  • Innovation Management
  • Technology Adoption

Background:

  • Organizations often face shifts from radical to incremental technology development.
  • Such transitions can create power struggles between dominant and challenger occupational groups.
  • The car-sharing industry provides a context for studying these dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of shifting technological focus on intergroup power dynamics.
  • To understand how cross-occupational collaboration is affected during technology development shifts.
  • To identify mechanisms that facilitate or hinder collaboration between engineering and marketing.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-month ethnographic study of an early U.S. car-sharing company.
  • Analysis of 42 projects across two distinct time periods.
  • Qualitative examination of collaboration between engineering and marketing groups.

Main Results:

  • A shift towards incremental technology improvement can trigger power struggles.
  • A "radical flank threat" can strengthen the bargaining power of moderate members.
  • Moderate engineers may form coalitions with moderate challengers to pursue incremental goals.

Conclusions:

  • Cross-occupational collaboration is influenced by the nature of technological change.
  • Internal power dynamics shape the direction of technology development.
  • Strategic alliances between moderate factions can lead to incremental innovation and power preservation.