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Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Levels and Polymorphisms in Interstitial Lung Diseases
Nalan Demir1, Özlem Erçen Diken2, Halil Gürhan Karabulut3
1Department of Chest Diseases, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
|April 21, 2017
Summary
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency was studied in interstitial lung disease patients. Lower serum levels were more common in nonidiopathic interstitial pneumonia, but genetic variations showed no significant difference compared to healthy individuals.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Genetics
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a potential risk factor for interstitial lung fibrosis.
- Investigating alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) levels and polymorphisms in interstitial lung disease (ILD) is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if AAT levels and genetic variations are associated with ILD.
- To compare AAT levels and polymorphisms between idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and non-idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (non-IIP) patients.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 103 ILD patients was analyzed.
- Serum AAT levels and AAT genotypes (Pi system) were assessed.
- Patient data were compared with healthy population data.
Main Results:
- Mean AAT levels were similar between IIP (1.67 ± 0.33 g/L) and non-IIP (1.54 ± 0.37 g/L) patients (P = 0.13).
- Lower AAT levels were observed more frequently in non-IIP patients (8.9%) than IIP patients (0%), but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.4).
- AAT polymorphisms (PiMZ, PiMS) were rare in ILD patients and not significantly different from the healthy population.
Conclusions:
- Lower serum AAT levels may be more prevalent in non-IIP patients compared to IIP patients.
- No significant increase in AAT genetic polymorphism was found in ILD patients.
- AAT deficiency's role in ILD requires further investigation.