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Related Experiment Videos

Ontogenesis of Lateralization.

Onur Güntürkün1, Sebastian Ocklenburg2

  • 1Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa.

Neuron
|April 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Brain asymmetry in vertebrates arises from both genetic and non-genetic factors. Left-right differences in neural pathways are key to developing lateralized perception, cognition, and action.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Brain organization in humans and animals is characteristically asymmetrical.
  • The developmental and neural underpinnings of these lateralizations remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of genetic and non-genetic factors in the development of neural and behavioral asymmetries in vertebrates.
  • To explore the pathways from genes to functional asymmetries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on genetic and non-genetic influences on brain lateralization.
  • Analysis of studies in model organisms (zebrafish, birds) and humans.

Main Results:

  • The Nodal signaling cascade is crucial at the genetic level, with other pathways also influencing embryonic brain lateralization.
Keywords:
Nodalbrain asymmetryhabenulahandednesspigeontectofugal systemzebrafish

Related Experiment Videos

  • Non-genetic factors play a significant role, as exemplified by visual asymmetry in birds where environmental stimulation shapes neural pathways.
  • Gene effects are often small, underscoring the importance of environmental influences.

    • Conclusions:

    • Development of neural and behavioral asymmetries involves complex interactions between genetic predispositions and environmental factors.
    • Left-right differences in neural pathways are fundamental to establishing lateralized functions in perception, cognition, and action.