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Evolutionary changes in lamin expression in the vertebrate lineage.

Reimer Stick1, Annette Peter1

  • 1a FB2 Biology/Chemistry, University of Bremen , Bremen , Germany.

Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)
|April 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The study reveals evolving lamin A and B1 expression in vertebrates, impacting nuclear mechanics. Lamin A levels rise, while lamin B1 decreases, from ancient fish to mammals.

Keywords:
B-type laminshagfish laminslamin Alamin expressionlaminavertebrate evolution

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The nuclear lamina, composed of lamin proteins, is crucial for nuclear structure and mechanical stability.
  • Mutations in lamin genes lead to laminopathies, a group of severe hereditary diseases.
  • Vertebrate genomes typically possess four lamin genes (A, B1, B2, LIII), unlike non-vertebrates with a single lamin gene.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary changes in lamin gene expression across vertebrate lineages.
  • To analyze the relative expression levels of lamins A and B1 in different vertebrate species and tissues.
  • To explore the functional implications of altered lamin A to B ratios in nuclear mechanics.

Main Methods:

  • Collected lamin gene and cDNA sequence data from major vertebrate lineages.
  • Utilized RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data to quantify relative lamin expression levels.
  • Analyzed expression patterns in representative tissues from nine gnathostome lineages.

Main Results:

  • Lamin A expression is low in cartilaginous and ancient fishes, increasing progressively towards mammals.
  • Lamin B1 expression exhibits an inverse trend to lamin A, decreasing in more derived species.
  • Significant variations in the lamin A to B ratio were observed across different vertebrate groups.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights a significant evolutionary shift in lamin A and B1 expression patterns within vertebrates.
  • Changes in the lamin A to B ratio may be linked to adaptations in nuclear mechanics during vertebrate evolution.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the functional consequences of these expression dynamics.