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Strong Constraints on Self-Interacting Dark Matter with Light Mediators.

Torsten Bringmann1, Felix Kahlhoefer2, Kai Schmidt-Hoberg2

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Box 1048, N-0371 Oslo, Norway.

Physical Review Letters
|April 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Dark matter models with self-interactions are constrained by the Sommerfeld effect. These constraints exclude parameter spaces needed to solve small-scale structure formation problems.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology and astrophysics
  • Particle physics

Background:

  • Dark matter models often involve interactions with new light particles.
  • These interactions can lead to velocity-dependent self-interactions and thermal production.
  • The Sommerfeld effect can enhance dark matter annihilation rates in such scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of the Sommerfeld effect on dark matter annihilation rates.
  • To derive constraints on dark matter models from cosmic microwave background and indirect detection probes.
  • To assess the viability of these models in addressing small-scale structure formation issues.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of dark matter annihilation rates.
  • Inclusion of the Sommerfeld enhancement mechanism.

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  • Derivation of constraints using cosmological and astrophysical observations.

    • Main Results:

    • Dark matter annihilation rates are generically enhanced by the Sommerfeld effect in these models.
    • Cosmic microwave background and indirect detection data impose significant constraints.
    • The entire parameter space for s-wave annihilation, relevant for structure formation, is excluded.

    Conclusions:

    • Models coupling dark matter to light particles with strong self-interactions are severely constrained.
    • The Sommerfeld enhancement prevents these models from simultaneously explaining small-scale structure formation problems.
    • Further theoretical and observational work is needed to explore alternative dark matter candidates.