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A Comprehensive Approach to Hepatic Vascular Disease
Khaled M Elsayes1, Akram M Shaaban1, Sarah M Rothan1
1From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030 (K.M.E., S.J.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (A.M.S.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex (S.M.R.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Fla (B.L.M., R.P.C., V.J.C.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.).
This review covers liver vascular variants and diseases, including portal vein, hepatic artery, and hepatic vein conditions. Understanding these can improve radiologic diagnosis and patient management.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Vascular Imaging
- Hepatology
Background:
- The liver possesses a complex vascular system with dual blood supply and single outflow.
- Vascular variants can mimic serious pathologies, complicating diagnosis.
- Accurate identification of liver vascular conditions is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review liver vascular variants and pathologies.
- To illustrate the imaging features of diverse vascular conditions affecting the liver.
- To enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide patient management through familiarity with these entities.
Main Methods:
- Review of liver vascular anatomy and common variants.
- Discussion of pathologies affecting the portal vein, hepatic artery, and hepatic veins.
- Illustration of various vascular shunts and unusual inflow sources.
Main Results:
- Detailed description of spectrum of portal vein variants and diseases (e.g., thrombosis, aneurysm).
- Overview of hepatic artery pathologies (e.g., stenosis, aneurysm).
- Discussion of hepatic vein and IVC abnormalities (e.g., Budd-Chiari syndrome, stenosis).
- Categorization of vascular shunts (e.g., portosystemic, arterioportal).
Conclusions:
- Familiarity with liver vascular variants and diseases is essential for accurate radiologic diagnosis.
- Understanding imaging features aids in differentiating benign variants from significant pathologies.
- Knowledge of these conditions improves patient management strategies.