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Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
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Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
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[Vitamin D in Clinic and Practice].

Armin Zittermann, Stefan Pilz

    Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
    |April 22, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vitamin D synthesis from sunlight is insufficient for most people. Oral vitamin D supplements are crucial to prevent deficiency, especially during winter or for at-risk groups.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Nutritional Science
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Vitamin D is primarily synthesized in the skin via UVB exposure, with diet playing a secondary role.
    • Cutaneous vitamin D synthesis is often inadequate to meet recommended levels in the general population.
    • Dietary vitamin D intake does not sufficiently compensate for insufficient skin synthesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the inadequacy of natural vitamin D sources.
    • To emphasize the necessity of vitamin D supplementation.
    • To identify populations at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on vitamin D synthesis and requirements.
    • Analysis of factors affecting cutaneous vitamin D production (e.g., season, skin pigmentation).

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  • Assessment of the role of dietary intake and supplementation.

    • Main Results:

    • Solar UVB exposure is insufficient for optimal vitamin D synthesis in most individuals.
    • Severe vitamin D deficiency can lead to rickets in infants and osteomalacia in adults.
    • Specific populations, including nursing home residents, non-European migrants, and dark-skinned individuals, are at increased risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous vitamin D synthesis is frequently suboptimal.
    • Oral vitamin D supplementation is essential to bridge the gap and prevent deficiency.
    • Targeted supplementation strategies are needed for vulnerable populations, particularly during periods of limited sun exposure.