Successful Single-Lung Transplantation in a Patient With a Lung Destroyed by Tuberculosis

In most countries, patients with lungs destroyed by tuberculosis (TB) are excluded from lung transplantation (LTx) because of concerns about TB recurrence. LTx may be an effective therapeutic option for patients with chronic respiratory failure, but there are no reports of successful LTx in patients with lungs destroyed by TB. We present the case of successful single LTx in a patient with chronic respiratory failure after pneumonectomy with antituberculous chemotherapy. At the 16-month follow-up, he did not show any evidence of TB recurrence and his respiratory problems and quality of life were improved by LTx.