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Evaluation of Integrated Anaerobic Digestion and Hydrothermal Carbonization for Bioenergy Production
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Biomass Resources: Agriculture.

Ingeborg N Kluts1, Marnix L J Brinkman2, Sierk A de Jong1

  • 1Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, P.O. Box 80115, 3508, TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

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Agricultural feedstocks are key for European Union bioenergy, primarily for biofuels. Future potential lies in expanding energy crops and residues, with significant land availability projected by 2030.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Biorefining

Background:

  • Bioenergy is the EU-28's largest renewable energy source, with 14% from agricultural feedstocks in 2012.
  • Current applications focus on biofuels for transport, predominantly biodiesel from rapeseed oil and bioethanol from wheat and sugar beet.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current bioenergy use of agricultural feedstocks in the EU-28.
  • To assess the future potential of these feedstocks for bioenergy and biorefining.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current agricultural feedstock utilization for bioenergy in the EU-28.
  • Analysis of future potential land availability and feedstock importance.

Main Results:

  • Dedicated energy crops (miscanthus, switchgrass) and agricultural residues (straw) are currently underutilized for heat and electricity.
  • Estimated technically available land for energy crops in the EU-28 by 2030 ranges from 16-43 million hectares (15-40% of arable land).
  • Significant uncertainty exists regarding the location and quality of available land.

Conclusions:

  • Agricultural residues and dedicated energy crops are expected to increase in importance as feedstocks.
  • Expansion of bioenergy and biorefining relies on optimizing the use of these resources and available land.