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Executive function and life-space mobility in old age.

Taina Poranen-Clark1, Mikaela B von Bonsdorff2,3, Merja Rantakokko2

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Better executive function (EF) is linked to greater life-space mobility in older adults. This association is explained by physical function and fewer transportation challenges, highlighting the importance of cognitive health for community engagement.

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CognitionFunctional capabilityParticipation

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Life-space mobility encompasses an individual's movement range, frequency, and assistance needs.
  • Executive function (EF) is crucial for goal-directed behaviors and cognitive control.
  • Understanding the interplay between EF and mobility is vital for aging in place.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between executive function and life-space mobility in older adults.
  • To investigate the mediating roles of perceived walking difficulties, lower extremity performance, and transportation difficulties.

Main Methods:

  • 157 community-dwelling older adults (76-91 years) participated; 103 completed a 2-year follow-up.
  • Executive function categorized by Trail Making Test performance.
  • Life-space mobility assessed via Life-Space Assessment; physical and transportation difficulties self-reported/assessed via SPPB.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with poorer EF exhibited significantly lower life-space mobility.
  • The association between EF and mobility was explained by lower extremity performance and transportation difficulties.
  • A trend suggested a steeper decline in mobility for those with poor EF over 2 years (p=0.068).

Conclusions:

  • Higher executive function is associated with greater life-space mobility in older adults.
  • Better physical function and fewer transportation barriers mediate this relationship.
  • Cognitive decline may limit community access, potentially exacerbating further cognitive decline.