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Orosensory responsiveness and alcohol behaviour.

Margaret Thibodeau1, Martha Bajec1, Gary Pickering2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada.

Physiology & Behavior
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Summary

Taste and somatosensory perception influence alcohol consumption. Higher responsiveness to bitter, astringent, and sour tastes is linked to lower alcohol intake, suggesting orosensation plays a key role in drinking behaviors.

Keywords:
Alcohol avoidersAlcohol consumptionOrosensoryTaste

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Health
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is a global health concern.
  • The role of taste (orosensation) in modulating alcohol intake is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between orosensory responsiveness and alcohol consumption patterns.
  • To determine how sensitivity to various tastes influences the quantity and frequency of alcohol intake.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed taste and somatosensory responsiveness in 435 adults across six cohorts.
  • Quantiled participants based on responsiveness to sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami, metallic, and astringent stimuli.
  • Analyzed associations between taste responsiveness quantiles and alcohol intake measures using Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA.

Main Results:

  • Non-linear association between bitter/astringent responsiveness and alcohol intake, with highest consumption in middle quantiles.
  • Inverse association between sourness responsiveness and all alcohol consumption measures.
  • Higher overall taste responsiveness correlated with lower alcohol consumption, except for sweetness.
  • Increased umami and metallic responsiveness predicted lower wine consumption.
  • Abstainers showed higher responsiveness to sweetness, sourness, bitterness, and saltiness compared to consumers.

Conclusions:

  • Orosensory responsiveness significantly mediates alcohol consumption.
  • Broadly-tuned taste sensitivity may offer protection against alcohol use and misuse.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms underlying taste's influence on alcohol intake.