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Simultaneous Time Interleaved MultiSlice (STIMS) for Rapid Susceptibility Weighted acquisition.

Berkin Bilgic1, Huihui Ye2, Lawrence L Wald3

  • 1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

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Summary

Simultaneous Time Interleaved MultiSlice (STIMS) echo-shift combined with Compressed Sensing Wave acceleration significantly reduces scan times for Susceptibility Weighted Imaging. This technique enables rapid, high-resolution brain imaging, achieving full brain coverage in just 15 seconds.

Keywords:
CS-WaveEcho-ShiftQSMSMSSTISWIWave-CAIPI

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Medical Physics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • T2* weighted 3D Gradient Echo (GRE) sequences are crucial for Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (SWI) and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM).
  • Current SWI/QSM protocols necessitate long echo times (TE) and repetition times (TR), resulting in lengthy scan durations.
  • Unused time within the TR period of long TE acquisitions presents an opportunity for accelerating image acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate the Simultaneous Time Interleaved MultiSlice (STIMS) echo-shift technique for accelerated MRI acquisition.
  • To combine STIMS echo-shift with Compressed Sensing (CS) Wave acceleration to further enhance imaging speed.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of rapid, high-resolution, full-brain SWI/QSM acquisition at long TE.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the STIMS echo-shift technique, interleaving comb-shaped slice groups with Simultaneous MultiSlice (SMS) excitation to mitigate artifacts.
  • Integrated STIMS echo-shift with Compressed Sensing (CS) Wave acceleration, utilizing random undersampling and sparsity priors.
  • Acquired full-brain data at 3T with 1.5 mm isotropic resolution and a long TE of 39 ms.

Main Results:

  • The combined STIMS and CS-Wave technique achieved up to a 45-fold acceleration compared to conventional full encoding.
  • Enabled a complete 15-second full-brain acquisition at high resolution and long TE.
  • Demonstrated mitigation of slab boundary artifacts through interleaved slice excitation.

Conclusions:

  • The STIMS echo-shift technique, when combined with CS-Wave acceleration, offers a powerful strategy for drastically reducing MRI scan times.
  • This approach allows for rapid, high-quality Susceptibility Weighted Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.
  • STIMS is a versatile technique applicable to other MRI sequences with inherent time gaps, such as MPRAGE and FLAIR.