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Pediatric acute kidney injury: prevalence, impact and management challenges

Eileen Ciccia1, Prasad Devarajan1

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease
|April 25, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) is rising globally. Advances in electronic health records, predictive scores, and biomarkers aid in early diagnosis and prevention of AKI in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Global incidence of pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing.
  • Associated morbidities and mortality rates are also rising.
  • Standardized AKI definitions improve epidemiological assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on pediatric AKI.
  • Focus on epidemiology, management, and early diagnostic strategies.
  • Highlight recent advances in risk stratification and prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent publications on pediatric AKI.
  • Analysis of advances in electronic health records for real-time risk stratification.
  • Evaluation of new clinical scores and biomarkers for AKI prediction and diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Standardized definitions enable accurate AKI epidemiology.
  • Electronic health records facilitate real-time risk stratification and prevention.
  • Validated clinical scores and novel biomarkers enhance AKI prediction and diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and prevention strategies for pediatric AKI are improving.
  • Leveraging technology and biomarkers is key to managing pediatric AKI.
  • Continued research is vital to further reduce AKI's impact on children.

Keywords:
acute kidney injuryacute renal failurebiomarkerschildrenepidemiologyneutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

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