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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

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Related Experiment Video

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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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The association between thyroid disorders and incident gout: population-based case-control study.

Saskia G Bruderer1,2, Christoph R Meier1,2,3, Susan S Jick3

  • 1Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel.

Clinical Epidemiology
|April 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism do not increase gout risk, except possibly in newly treated hypothyroidism. This study found no significant association between thyroid conditions and gout development.

Keywords:
Clinical Practice Research Datalinkepidemiologyhyperthyroidismhypothyroidism

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Nephrology
  • Rheumatology and Immunology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones impact kidney function, potentially affecting serum urate levels, a key risk factor for gout.
  • Gouty arthritis is a significant health concern linked to elevated serum urate levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and the risk of developing incident gout.
  • To clarify the role of thyroid dysfunction in gout pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective population-based case-control study utilizing the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.
  • Inclusion of 68,159 incident gout cases and matched controls from 1990-2014.
  • Conditional logistic regression analysis to determine adjusted odds ratios for gout in relation to thyroid status.

Main Results:

  • No increased risk of gout was observed in patients with hypothyroidism (adjusted OR: 1.12).
  • Current short-term thyroid hormone replacement therapy showed a potential association with increased gout risk (adjusted OR: 1.54).
  • Hyperthyroidism and its treatment were not significantly associated with gout risk.

Conclusions:

  • The study found no clinically relevant increased risk of incident gout associated with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, regardless of treatment.
  • A potential exception may exist for patients with newly diagnosed and treated hypothyroidism, warranting further investigation.