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Trigger Factors in Childhood Migraine: A Prospective Clinic-Based Study From North of France
Lise Solotareff1, Jean-Christophe Cuvellier1, Alain Duhamel2
11 Service de neuropédiatrie, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHRU de Lille, rue Émile-Laine, Lille, France.
Insights
Pediatric migraine triggers like lack of sleep and stress are common. This prospective study identified key triggers and their timing, confirming previous findings in children with migraine.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Migraine is a common neurological disorder in children.
- Understanding pediatric migraine triggers is crucial for effective management.
- Previous studies have explored migraine triggers, but prospective data in children is valuable.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively identify and characterize the prevalence of migraine triggers in pediatric patients.
- To compare findings with a previous retrospective study.
- To analyze the time delay between trigger exposure and migraine onset.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study involving 101 pediatric patients diagnosed with International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition (ICHD-II) migraine.
- Participants completed a 3-month diary to record migraine attacks and associated triggers.
- Data analysis focused on trigger frequency, types, and temporal relationship to attacks.
Main Results:
- All 101 patients reported at least one migraine trigger.
- The most frequent triggers were lack of sleep (51.4%), stress (44.6%), warm climate (41.9%), noise (32.4%), and excitation (29.7%).
- In 67.6% of attacks, onset occurred within 0-3 hours of trigger exposure, consistent with prior research.
Conclusions:
- Lack of sleep, stress, and environmental factors are significant triggers for pediatric migraine.
- Prospective diary studies offer valuable insights into migraine triggers, potentially reducing recall bias.
- Findings align with previous research, reinforcing the importance of identifying and managing these triggers in children.
Abstract:
The objective was to study the prevalence and characterization of pediatric migraine triggers and to compare results to this retrospective study. A total of 101 pediatric patients with ICHD-II migraine with and/or without aura were instructed to prospectively complete a diary dealing with attacks triggers for a 3-month period. Each subject reported at least 1 trigger (range: 1-14) with a total number of 532 attacks and a median per subject of 3. Lack of sleep (51.4%), stress (44.6%), warm climate (41.9%), noise (32.4%), and excitation (29.7%) were the most frequently reported. The delay between trigger exposure and attack onset was between 0 and 3 hours in 67.6% of attacks. This prospective study confirmed the findings of the authors' previous study, with the exception that number of triggers was smaller, probably due to recall bias. The 4 most frequent triggers (lack of sleep, stress, hot weather, and noise) were identical in both studies.
