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Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
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Cognitive sequelae of lithium intoxication: a case report.

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  • 1Department of Neurology,University Hospital Frankfurt/Goethe University,Frankfurt am Main,Germany.

International Psychogeriatrics
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Lithium intoxication can cause severe cognitive and motor deficits, mimicking Alzheimer's disease. Promptly stopping lithium medication reversed these debilitating symptoms, highlighting the importance of monitoring lithium levels and potential toxicity.

Keywords:
cognitive deficitslithium intoxicationneuropychologypositron emission tomography (PET)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Lithium is a common mood stabilizer, but its toxicity can manifest with neurological and cognitive symptoms.
  • Assessing lithium toxicity is crucial, especially when symptoms mimic neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with severe cognitive deficits (apraxia, visuo-constructive problems) and Parkinsonism.
  • Cerebral hypometabolism was observed in temporo-parietal regions on FDG-PET scans.
  • Initial findings suggested Alzheimer's disease, but lithium toxicity was suspected due to Parkinsonism despite normal serum levels.

Findings:

  • Discontinuation of lithium therapy led to the resolution of Parkinsonism.
  • Cognitive functions significantly improved after lithium cessation.

Implications:

  • Lithium intoxication can present with neuropsychological and motor deficits mimicking neurodegenerative conditions.
  • Comprehensive assessment, including monitoring for lithium toxicity, is vital in patients with unexplained cognitive and motor impairments.
  • Early recognition and management of lithium toxicity can lead to substantial recovery of neurological and cognitive functions.