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Triplet Fusion Upconversion Nanocapsule Synthesis
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Optimal Sensitizer Concentration in Single Upconversion Nanocrystals.

Chenshuo Ma1,2, Xiaoxue Xu2,3, Fan Wang2,3

  • 1Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University , Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.

Nano Letters
|April 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed brighter upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) by overcoming concentration quenching. They created sandwich nanostructures that significantly enhance brightness for applications like biomolecule probes.

Keywords:
Upconversionconcentration quenchingcore−shelllanthanidesingle nanoparticle

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) convert near-infrared photons to visible/UV emissions using sensitizers and activators.
  • High sensitizer (Yb3+) concentrations are limited by "concentration quenching," typically to 20%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if concentration quenching limits sensitizer concentration in NaYbF4 UCNCs.
  • To develop brighter UCNCs by overcoming surface quenching and size limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated NaYbF4 as a host matrix, finding it optimal and not limited by concentration quenching.
  • Designed sandwich nanostructures with a NaYbF4 shell on a template core, enclosed by an inert shell.
  • Synthesized size-tunable UCNCs with minimized surface quenching.

Main Results:

  • Sandwich structure UCNCs showed 1.85x higher brightness in suspension compared to homogeneous ones.
  • Single 25.2 nm heterogeneous UCNCs exhibited nearly 3x enhanced brightness versus standard NaYF4 UCNCs.
  • Blue emission intensities were 1.36x and 3.78x higher for 13.6 nm and 25.2 nm sandwich UCNCs, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Concentration quenching does not limit sensitizer concentration in NaYbF4; surface quenching and size are the main limitations.
  • Sandwich nanostructures effectively minimize surface quenching and enable brighter, smaller UCNCs.
  • Optimized UCNCs hold promise for advanced biomolecule probes and photon energy converters.