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Related Experiment Videos

Lymphocyte activation by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein.

H Kornfeld1, W W Cruikshank, S W Pyle

  • 1Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118.

Nature
|September 29, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Phytohaemagglutinin and phorbol ester activate latent human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). The viral glycoprotein 120 (gp120) interacts with CD4, activating lymphocytes and increasing interleukin-2 receptor expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cell activation by phytohaemagglutinin, phorbol ester, and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells induces latent human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) expression and cytopathic effects in vitro.
  • The CD4 lymphocyte surface protein is a known receptor for HIV-1, binding the viral envelope glycoprotein (gp120).
  • Evidence suggests CD4 functions as a growth factor receptor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ability of native gp120 to activate resting CD4-bearing lymphocytes.
  • To explore the biological activity of gp120 through its interaction with CD4.

Main Methods:

  • Stimulation of lymphocytes with phytohaemagglutinin and phorbol ester.
  • Analysis of HIV-1 expression and cytopathic effects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of gp120 interaction with CD4 on resting lymphocytes.
  • Measurement of intracellular inositol trisphosphate and calcium levels.
  • Assessment of interleukin-2 receptor expression and cell motility.

    • Main Results:

    • Native gp120 exhibits innate biological activity upon specific interaction with CD4.
    • Activation of CD4-bearing lymphocytes by gp120 leads to increased intracellular inositol trisphosphate and calcium levels.
    • gp120 binding to CD4 results in elevated interleukin-2 receptor expression and enhanced cell motility.

    Conclusions:

    • The viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 possesses intrinsic biological activity, acting as a lymphocyte activator through CD4 binding.
    • This interaction mimics growth factor receptor signaling, impacting intracellular calcium and IL-2 receptor expression.
    • Understanding gp120-CD4 interactions provides insights into HIV-1 pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.