Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

8.7K

The Physiology of Childhood Growth: Hormonal Regulation

Emelie Benyi, Lars Sävendahl

    Hormone Research in Paediatrics
    |April 25, 2017
    PubMed

    Insights

    Childhood growth is regulated by hormones like growth hormone and thyroid hormone. This review explores these key hormonal regulators and their interaction with nutrition and inflammation.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric endocrinology
    • Growth and development

    Background:

    • Childhood growth follows distinct patterns from fetal development through puberty.
    • Height velocity significantly changes, peaking in utero and during puberty.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an overview of the hormonal regulators of childhood growth.
    • To examine the interplay between these hormones, nutrition, and inflammatory cytokines.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of hormonal regulation in pediatric growth.
    • Synthesis of information on growth hormone, IGF-1, sex steroids, and thyroid hormone.

    Main Results:

    • Identified key hormonal drivers of growth.
    • Highlighted the interaction of hormones with nutritional status.
    • Discussed the influence of inflammatory cytokines on growth.

    Conclusions:

    • Hormonal factors are critical for normal childhood growth.
    • Nutrition and inflammation significantly modulate hormonal effects on growth.

    Keywords:
    GrowthGrowth and pubertyGrowth factorGrowth hormoneGrowth hormone physiologyGrowth in childrenHormonesNormal growth/auxologyNutrition

    More Related Videos

    Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification07:23

    Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

    Published on: December 3, 2016

    12.5K
    Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study09:36

    Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

    Published on: February 2, 2017

    28.0K

    Related Concept Videos

    Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

    Hormones and Bone Tissue

    The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
    Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
    Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
    4.0K
    Nature and Nurture01:10

    Nature and Nurture

    Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
    22.6K
    Signs of Puberty01:27

    Signs of Puberty

    Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
    1.7K
    Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

    Major Hormones and Their Functions

    Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
    Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
    2.2K
    Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

    Functions of Thyroid Hormones

    The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
    TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
    6.1K
    Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

    Regulation of Hormone Secretion

    Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
    Humoral...
    7.2K