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Age, criterion flexibility, and item recognition.

Lione J North1, Darlene Olfman2, Daniel R Caldera3

  • 1a Department of Psychology , Claremont Graduate University , Claremont , CA , USA.

Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition
|April 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young and older adults showed similar abilities in adjusting their response criteria based on color cues during recognition tests. Cognitive control measures predicted accuracy but not this adaptive criterion shifting.

Keywords:
Aging and memoryaging and criterion flexibilitycognitive controlcriterion flexibilityrecognition memoryrecognition memory and criterion flexibility

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Human memory research
  • Aging and cognition

Background:

  • Understanding age-related differences in cognitive flexibility is crucial.
  • Response criterion adaptation is a key aspect of decision-making in memory tasks.
  • Previous research suggests cognitive control may decline with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age differences in the ability to flexibly shift response criteria.
  • To examine the role of cognitive control in adaptive criterion shifting.
  • To determine if older adults are more impaired in criterion shifting than younger adults.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (young and older adults) completed a recognition memory test.
  • Test item color cued the probability of the item being old or new (70% vs. 30%).
  • Response times and accuracy were recorded; cognitive control measures were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Both young and older adults demonstrated comparable levels of criterion shifting in response to color cues.
  • Slowing occurred when color cues were misleading, with no significant age difference in the extent of slowing.
  • Cognitive control measures predicted recognition accuracy but not the degree of criterion adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive criterion shifting appears to be a cognitive process that is well-preserved in older adults.
  • The findings suggest that criterion shifting may not heavily rely on cognitive control, or that it is equally efficient across age groups.
  • This challenges assumptions about age-related declines in cognitive control impacting decision-making flexibility.