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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Multi-Scale Modification of Metallic Implants With Pore Gradients, Polyelectrolytes and Their Indirect Monitoring In vivo
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Hypersensitivity to biomedical implants: Prevention and diagnosis.

Gregory A Rosner, Luz S Fonacier

    Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
    |April 27, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Routine metal hypersensitivity testing is not needed before biomedical device implantation unless a patient has a history of reactions. Patch testing may aid diagnosis after implantation if other causes are excluded.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • Growing interest in adverse immunologic reactions to metals in biomedical devices.
    • Increasing referrals for metal hypersensitivity reactions in orthopedic, cardiac, gynecologic, and dental implants.
    • Limited evidence-based recommendations for evaluating metal hypersensitivity in clinical practice.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide evidence-based recommendations for evaluating metal hypersensitivity to biomedical devices.
    • To guide clinicians in pre- and post-implantation evaluation of delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
    • To address the management of patients with suspected metal hypersensitivity.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of evidence and expert opinion on biomedical device hypersensitivity.

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  • Analysis of published guidelines for evaluating delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
  • Focus on pre- and post-implantation evaluation strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Routine pre-implantation metal hypersensitivity evaluation is not necessary for all patients.
    • Patch testing may benefit patients with a history of significant metal hypersensitivity before implantation.
    • Post-implantation patch testing can be considered for unexplained implant failure or dermatitis, after ruling out other causes.
    • Positive patch test results do not confirm causality; shared decision-making is crucial for implant revision.

    Conclusions:

    • Consensus guidelines for evaluating hypersensitivity to biomedical devices are available for practicing physicians.
    • Further investigations are ongoing to refine evaluation and management strategies.
    • Clinical decision-making requires a multidisciplinary approach involving patients, allergists/dermatologists, and surgeons.