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Pig has no uncoupling protein 1.

Lianjie Hou1, Jia Shi1, Lingbo Cao1

  • 1National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|April 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pigs lack Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1), a key protein for thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). This study confirms pigs do not possess UCP1 protein, resolving a long-standing scientific controversy.

Keywords:
Brown adipose tissueSwineUCP1Uncoupling respiration

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Area of Science:

  • Mammalian physiology
  • Molecular biology
  • Livestock science

Background:

  • Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is vital for non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals, primarily mediated by Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1).
  • The presence and function of UCP1 in pigs, an economically important livestock species, have been a subject of scientific debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To definitively determine if UCP1 protein exists in pigs.
  • To resolve the controversy surrounding the presence of functional brown adipose tissue in pigs.

Main Methods:

  • Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) to identify pig UCP1 mRNA.
  • Cloning and expression of pig UCP1 exons 1 and 2 in E. coli.
  • Production of a specific antibody against pig UCP1.
  • Western blot analysis and assessment of uncoupled respiration in pig adipocytes.

Main Results:

  • Pig UCP1 gene exons 1 and 2 were transcribed but not translated into detectable protein in adipose tissues.
  • A specific antibody confirmed the absence of UCP1 protein in pig adipose tissue.
  • Isolated pig adipocytes exhibited no uncoupled respiration, indicating a lack of functional BAT.

Conclusions:

  • Pigs unequivocally do not possess UCP1 protein.
  • The study resolves the controversy regarding the existence of brown adipose tissue and UCP1 in pigs.
  • This finding has implications for understanding mammalian thermoregulation and pig physiology.