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Psychiatric Morbidity in Children with HIV/AIDS at a Tertiary Health Institution in North-central Nigeria

Mary Oluwatosin Adefalu1, Mosunmola Florence Tunde-Ayinmode2, Baba Awoye Issa2

  • 1Department of Mental Health, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso 210271, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|April 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Nearly 20% of Nigerian children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experienced psychiatric disorders. Complications from HIV and adverse life events significantly increased this risk, highlighting the need for integrated care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Child and adolescent psychiatry
  • Public health in developing nations

Background:

  • Children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are living longer, increasing their risk of various complications.
  • Psychiatric morbidity is a significant concern in this vulnerable population.
  • Understanding prevalence and associated factors is crucial for effective management in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among HIV-infected children in Ilorin, Nigeria.
  • To identify factors associated with psychiatric disorders in this cohort.
  • To inform targeted interventions and support systems.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using a two-stage sampling method.
  • 196 HIV-positive children aged 6-17 years were enrolled.
  • Data were collected via semi-structured questionnaires and standardized psychological instruments.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of psychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and enuresis, was 19.4%.
  • Factors associated with psychiatric morbidity included single parenthood, advanced HIV clinical stages, and HIV-related complications.
  • A positive correlation was observed between psychiatric disorder development and complications in the child and their caregiver.

Conclusions:

  • Complicated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a significant risk factor for psychiatric morbidity in children.
  • Adverse life events further elevate the risk, emphasizing the need for holistic care approaches.
  • Findings underscore the importance of addressing both medical and psychosocial aspects of pediatric HIV care in Nigeria.
Abstract

Keywords:
HIV/AIDSchildrenpsychiatric morbidity

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