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The Gut, Its Microbiome, and Hypertension.

Elaine M Richards1, Carl J Pepine2, Mohan K Raizada3

  • 1Departments of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, PO Box 100274, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0274, USA.

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Gut dysbiosis is linked to hypertension (HTN). Further research into gut microbiota and gut-hypertension interactions may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for managing high blood pressure.

Keywords:
Brain-gut-immune axisGut microbiotaGut pathologyHypertensionRenin angiotensin aldosterone system

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Growing evidence implicates gut dysbiosis in the development of hypertension (HTN).
  • The precise causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and HTN remains unclear.
  • Translating current knowledge into effective HTN management strategies is a critical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the gut microbiota's role in hypertension.
  • To elucidate the complex interactions between the gut and the cardiovascular system in HTN.
  • To propose gut microbiota-gut interactions as a potential therapeutic target for HTN.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on gut dysbiosis and hypertension.
  • Analysis of data from animal models of HTN.
  • Synthesis of evidence linking gut pathology to HTN in human subjects.

Main Results:

  • Animal models demonstrate gut pathology in HTN, offering insights into mechanisms.
  • Circumstantial evidence supports a link between gut dysbiosis and HTN.
  • Gut pathology in hypertensive patients requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiota-gut interactions are central to HTN pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can inform novel antihypertensive therapies.
  • Further research is needed to explore gut-targeted interventions for HTN management.