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Pulsatile Lipid Vesicles under Osmotic Stress.

Morgan Chabanon1, James C S Ho2, Bo Liedberg2

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Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) exhibit cyclical swelling and bursting under hypotonic stress. Thermal fluctuations drive pore nucleation, explaining this pulsatile behavior and its link to vesicle properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cellular mechanics
  • Soft matter physics

Background:

  • Lipid bilayers are crucial for cellular function and respond to osmotic stress.
  • Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) experimentally show cyclical swelling and bursting in hypotonic environments.
  • Understanding this dynamic response is key to cellular physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a quantitative theoretical model for GUV pulsatile dynamics under hypotonic conditions.
  • To elucidate the fundamental mechanisms driving the cyclical swell-burst behavior.
  • To establish scaling relationships between GUV properties and their dynamic response.

Main Methods:

  • Advanced a comprehensive theoretical model for vesicle dynamics.
  • Quantitatively captured experimentally measured swell-burst parameters for single-component GUVs.
  • Investigated the role of thermal fluctuations in pore nucleation.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately predicts swell-burst parameters for single-component GUVs.
  • Identified thermal fluctuations as the driver for rate-dependent pore nucleation.
  • Revealed constitutional scaling relationships between pulsatile dynamics and GUV properties.

Conclusions:

  • Established a fundamental framework for understanding GUV pulsatile dynamics under osmotic stress.
  • Demonstrated the critical role of thermal fluctuations in GUV swell-burst cycles.
  • Findings can guide future research on non-equilibrium vesicle dynamics.