Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

56
Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
56
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

69
Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
69
Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

42
Phase II biotransformation reactions are essential for detoxifying and eliminating xenobiotics, including many pharmaceutical compounds. These reactions typically involve conjugation, the covalent attachment of polar endogenous groups such as glucuronic acid, sulfate, methyl, or acetyl moieties to functional groups introduced during Phase I metabolism. The resulting conjugates are more water-soluble, enabling efficient renal or biliary excretion.The major classes of Phase II enzymes include...
42
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters01:16

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters

81
The pharmacogenetics of drug transporters is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing interindividual variability in drug absorption, distribution, and elimination. These membrane-bound proteins regulate drugs' movement across cellular barriers by actively pumping them out (efflux) or facilitating their uptake (influx). Among the major transporter families, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) transporters play particularly prominent roles. Genetic polymorphisms...
81
Translation01:31

Translation

158.4K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
158.4K
Lethal Alleles02:41

Lethal Alleles

18.6K
Agouti: A Lethal Allele
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
18.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Efficient separation of butane isomers via ZIF-8 slurry on laboratory- and pilot-scale.

Nature communications·2022
Same author

Influence of Sea Level Anomaly on Underwater Gravity Gradient Measurements.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

MW‑9, a chalcones derivative bearing heterocyclic moieties, attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via suppressing pathogenic T<sub>H</sub>17 cells.

Molecular medicine reports·2022
Same author

Evaluation of Emulsifying Ability of Phospholipids by Langmuir Monolayers and Stability of High Oil Ratio O/W Emulsions.

AAPS PharmSciTech·2022
Same author

Evaluation of Occupational Health and Safety Management of Listed Companies in China's Energy Industry Based on the Combined Weight-Cloud Model: From the Perspective of FPE Information Disclosure.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2022
Same author

Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Younger Infants First Presenting in Skin: A Case Series.

Journal of personalized medicine·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer
06:21

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer

Published on: May 10, 2024

1.3K

[Relation of GSTM1 Polymorphism with Leukemia].

Juan Li1, Jun-Fang Zhu1, Wei Zhang1

  • 1Centre Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province, China.

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
|April 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) genotype does not impact leukemia remission rates but is linked to lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. GSTM1 null genotype may increase leukemia risk.

More Related Videos

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
07:35

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

8.1K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies
07:47

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies

Published on: September 15, 2023

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer
06:21

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer

Published on: May 10, 2024

1.3K
Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
07:35

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

8.1K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies
07:47

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Transmembrane Protein Family-Related Markers in Gastric Cancer and Implications for Targeted Therapies

Published on: September 15, 2023

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacogenomics

Background:

  • Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) is a key enzyme in detoxification.
  • GSTM1 polymorphism is studied for its potential role in various cancers, including leukemia.
  • Understanding genetic variations like GSTM1 polymorphism is crucial for personalized medicine in leukemia treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between GSTM1 gene polymorphism and therapeutic efficacy in leukemia patients.
  • To explore the relationship between GSTM1 genotypes and key biological characteristics of leukemia at diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • GSTM1 genotypes were determined using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • Remission rates after one treatment course and biological markers were compared between patients with different GSTM1 genotypes.
  • Statistical analyses, including chi-squared tests and Log-rank tests, were employed to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in remission or partial remission rates was observed between patients with GSTM1-undeleted and GSTM1 null genotypes.
  • GSTM1 null genotype showed no association with age, sex, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelet count, or spleen enlargement.
  • A statistically significant difference in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels at initial diagnosis was found between patients with GSTM1-undeleted and GSTM1 null genotypes (P=0.001).

Conclusions:

  • GSTM1 genotype does not influence remission rates in acute leukemia (AL) patients after one treatment course.
  • GSTM1 genotype is associated with serum LDH levels at diagnosis.
  • GSTM1 null genotype deletion may be a risk factor for developing leukemia.