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Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

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Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
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Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Measuring Lactase Enzymatic Activity in the Teaching Lab
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Drug-induced hyperlactatemia.

Eike Blohm1, Jeffrey Lai1, Mark Neavyn1

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Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|April 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Medication toxicity can cause hyperlactatemia, a dangerous condition in critically ill patients. Recognizing this uncommon cause and discontinuing the offending drug is crucial for patient survival.

Keywords:
Lactic acidosishyperlactatemiametformin associated lactic acidosismitochondrial toxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Clinical Toxicology

Background:

  • Hyperlactatemia is frequently observed in critically ill patients.
  • Medication toxicity is an underrecognized cause of hyperlactatemia.
  • Various medications can induce hyperlactatemia at therapeutic or supratherapeutic doses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review medications causing hyperlactatemia.
  • To discuss incidence, mortality, pathophysiology, and treatment of drug-induced hyperlactatemia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PUBMED and Google Scholar.
  • Included English language articles published after 1980.
  • 138 articles met inclusion criteria for review.

Main Results:

  • Hyperlactatemia from medication toxicity is rare but life-threatening.
  • Incidence, mortality, pathophysiology, and treatment vary by drug class.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should consider toxicological causes of hyperlactatemia when other causes are absent.
  • Drug discontinuation is recommended.
  • Specific antidotal treatments exist for certain medication toxicities.