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Postpartum dyspareunia and sexual functioning: a prospective cohort study.

Liesbet Lagaert1,2, Steven Weyers2, Helena Van Kerrebroeck2

  • 1a Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium.

The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official Journal of the European Society of Contraception
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Postpartum dyspareunia (pain during sex) is common, affecting over 40% of women six months after childbirth. This pain is linked to first-time mothers (primiparity) and may improve over time.

Keywords:
DyspareuniaFSFIpostpartum periodpregnancyquality of lifesexual dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Women's Health
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Sexual functioning is a critical aspect of women's well-being, particularly during the postpartum period.
  • Dyspareunia and sexual dysfunction are common concerns for women after childbirth, impacting their quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and determinants of dyspareunia and sexual dysfunction before and after childbirth.
  • To assess the changes in sexual functioning and quality of life in the postpartum period.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study enrolled 109 pregnant women in their third trimester.
  • Validated questionnaires assessed sexual functioning (Female Sexual Function Index) and quality of life (Short Form-36).
  • Dyspareunia was evaluated using a self-developed questionnaire at enrollment, 6 weeks, and 6 months postpartum.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of dyspareunia was 32.8% prepartum, 51.0% at 6 weeks postpartum, and 40.7% at 6 months postpartum.
  • Sexual functioning at 6 weeks postpartum predicted functioning at 6 months.
  • Dyspareunia was associated with breastfeeding and primiparity in the early postpartum period, with primiparity remaining significant at 6 months.

Conclusions:

  • High rates of postpartum dyspareunia and impaired sexual functioning necessitate further research and comprehensive counseling.
  • Primiparous women require particular attention regarding sexual health education during pregnancy and the postpartum period.